Electric telegraphy.



No. 703,892. Patented July I, I902.

S. G.-BROWN.

ELECTRIC TELEGBAPHY.

iApplicMion filed Nov. 5, 1000.

(No Model.) 7 Sheets$heet 1.

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No. 703,892. Pa tented July I, 1902.

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ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHY (Application filed Nov. 5, 1000.)

(No Modei.) 7 Sheets-Shet 2.

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No. 703,892. Patented july I, I902.

8. G. BROWN. ELECTRIC TELEGR APHY:

(Application filed Nov. 5, 1900.) (No Modal.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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Patented July I, I902.

1 Sheets- Sheet 4 (No Model.)

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No. 703,892. Patented July I, I902.

s. 6. BROWN.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHY.

(Application filed Nov. 5, 1900.)

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 5.

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No. 703,892. Patentedluly l, I902.

s. a. snow.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHY,

(Application filed Nuv- 6'. IQOQ.) (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 6.

THE Noam PETERS co. PHOTO-LITHQ, WASHINGYON. o. c

UNiTEo Tires SIDNEY GEORGEEBROWN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

EL'EFC'VIVRJIC TELEGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 703,892, dated July 1,1902. Application filed November 5, 1900. Serial No. 35,541. (No model.)

To (tZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, SIDNEY GEORGE BROWN, electrical engineer, a subjectof the Queen of Great Britain, residing at 9 Putney Hill,Putney, London,England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements-Relating.toElectric Telegraphy, of which the following is a specification. r

This invention relates to improvements in electric telegraphy, moreespecially applicable to submarine-cablecircuits,;and has for its objectto increase the number of signals that may be transmitted over such acircuit in any given time.

According to my invention I may employ two or more transmitters,preferably automatic transmitters, at one end of the cable or line,which may atthe same time respectively operate two or more receivers atthe far end of the cable orline, each transmitter working its receiverwithoutinterferin g with the other receiver. Such a system is termeddiplex telegraphy, and if the system is duplexed it is termed quadruplextelegraphy. My invention is not, however, confined to a diplex orquadruplex system, but may be also applied to either simplex or duplexworking, as will be readily understood from the following description.

For diplex telegraphy the two transmitters work their batteries inseries with one another, they are kept in step, and their speed is keptas uniform as possible. 7

To keep the transmitters in step, they may either be mechanicallycoupled or electrically coupled. Electrical coupling when employedinsures steady uniform running and may conveniently consist ofatuning-forl ,adapted to send regular impulses of current for operating apolarized relay or its equivalent, fixed to each transmitter andworking, say, a suitable escapement 1- The transmitters may be drivenbysuitably governed electromotor or by clockwork, as is wellunderstood anddescribed in the specification of PatentNp. 577,540. g

Whememploying my invention for diplex telegraphy, the electricalsignaling power supplied to each of the transmitters is such that at thedistant station a relay, siphon-re,

corder, or its equivalent may readily indicate by the amplitude of itsmotionwhether one or the other, or both, of the transmitters have sent asignal. If both of the transmitters have sent a signal, this would beindicated by an amplitude of the movement of the tongue of the relay orsiphon of the siphon-recorder which would be proportional to the sum orto the difference of the signaling electromotive forces of thetransmitters. To facilitate the directreading of such signals from thesiphonrecord, divisional lines may be drawn along the recording-paperparallel to and at such distances on either side of a central or zeroline as to indicate every individual signal and also every combinationofsignals. Such divisional lines might advantageously be drawn byaroughly-synchronizing apparatus. For the same purpose transverse, linesare also marked on the recording-paper. To minimize the chance of error,itis, however, of advantage to automatically split up and record thediplex signals by a suitable arrangement of relays. For this purpose anycombination of relays may be used that can be operated, according to thestrength of the arrival signaling-currents, the relays being so unitedas to work the receivers, so that may respectively indicate thesignaling movements of the two transmitters.

A convenient form of receiving-relay for diplex working comprises asectional rotary drum as described in the specification of my priorUnited States of America patent, No. (548,919, of May 8, 1900, this drumbeing divided into sections, the middle section being insulated and theremaining sections (011 each side of said central section) being coupledup to secondary polarized relays, or their equivalent arranged, say, intwo sets. The windings of these two sets of secondary relays receivetheir current through the aforesaid drum-sections and are so disposedthat they will either be Worked separately when the movement of thepointer of the receiving or drum relay has been given such amplitude byeither of the transmitters working alone as to cause the said pointer torest on one of the drum-sections applicable tosuch separate working, orthe two sets of secondary relays will be worked both together (and twoseparate signals thus delivered) when the movement of the pointer of thereceiving or drum relay has been given such amplitude by the twotransmitters sending signals simultaneously as to cause the said pointerto rest on one of the drum-sections arranged to receive it upon thearrival of a signaling impulse equal to the sum or difference of thesignaling electromotive forces of the transmittingbatteries. Each of thetwo sets of secondary relays works recording instrument separate fromthat of the other set. Such recording ing instrument may be asiphon-recorder or a direct writer or even an automatic instrument forretransmission or translation, such as an automatic perforator or aninterpolater.

It is obvious that in the diplex system the two transmitters may becombined so as to form a single instrument operated by means of a singletape run, say, at a greater speed than when two tapes are employed.

In order to prevent the pointer or tongue of the receiving-relay fromoperating all the secondary relays controlled, respectively, by thedrum-sections over which it may sweep before reaching its point ofmaximum deflection, I connect the secondary relays to thereceiving-relay through the intervention of a contact-maker. Suchcontact-maker may run synchronously, or approximately so, with thetransmitters and be adapted to close the cir cuit between the receivingand secondary relays at or about the middle of every signal. In thismanner the secondary relays or the instruments they work are coupled upto the receiving-relay only when the pointer or tongue of thereceiving-relay has attained its maximum deflection due to any givensignaling impulse. This contact-maker may be driven by a phonic wheeland tuning-fork or equivalent device provided with suitable means foradjusting the speed of rotation and the position of the time of contact,as described in chapter X, page 205 of Telegraohy, by Preece andSivewright.

It is obvious that if the diplex system is to be of practical value thesignals as applied to the receiving-relay must be cleared of secondaryor disturbing electrical effects. For this purpose any convenient meansmay be employed, such as shunted or unshunted condensers placed in theline or cable, the use of curb-transmitters or closed-circuited magneticshunts placed across the receiving-relay coil. For the same purposethere may be employed a local correcting-circuit including thereceiving-relay and having resistance and capacity, such as anartificial line or a condenser, placed between two resistances, (theresistances and the condenser being capable of adjustment,) throughwhich a correcting-current can be sent from the secondary relays ortheir equivalent and thence through the coil of the receiving-relay inorder to neutralize upon the said coil the f varying-zero effect due, asis well understood, to the charging 0r polarizing of the condensers inthe line or cable by a series of signaling impulses of the same sign.For this purpose the receiving-relay may be provided with twocoilsnamely, a working coil and a governing-coilthe governing-coil beingheavy and damped,say,by being wound on a metal frame or its equivalent,and the two coils being coupled together by springs and provided withmeans for passing a current through the local correcting-circuit, aroundment of the working coil due to varying zero if the signaling impulsesare received through unshunted condensers, or for correcting themovement of the coil due to earth-currents if the signaling impulses arereceived through shunted condensers, or instead of having two separatecoils a single coil consisting of two windings may be employed, onewinding being shunted by the other winding and a closed circuitedmagnetic coil being so arranged that steady earth-currents cannot movethe coil, but that the bulk of the signaling-current will flow throughone of the said windings and the coil will therefore be moved so as towork the local apparatus or relay, which in turn sends a current througha local correctingcircuit, having resistance induction or capacity orany required combination of these, and thence through the other windingof the coil, thereby counteracting any eifects of the signaling-currentson the other of said windings.

In order that my invention may be clearly understood and readily carriedinto effect, I will proceed to describe the same more fully inconnection with the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 is adiagram of the apparatus at the receiving end of a cable-section,showing my invention applied to diplex telegraphy. Fig. 1 is a diagramof transmitting apparatus to be employed in conjunction with thereceiving apparatus shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 1" shows an appropriate formof recording instrument. Fig. 1 shows a convenient method ofelectrically coupling the transmitters. Figs. 2, 3, and 4t are diagramsshowing the nature of the signals received from the transmitters shownin Fig. 1. Figs. 5 and (5 are diagrams of modified arrangements forsending a local current for correcting varying zero in thereceiving-relay. Fig. 7 is a diagram showing myinvention applied toquadruplex telegraphy. Fig. 8 is a diagram of anelectromagnetically-operated contact-maker for use with the apparatusshown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 shows an arrangement whereby the twotransmitters are operated by a single perforated tape. Fig. 9 is adiagram showing the transmitters mechanically coupled. Fig. 10 is adiagram showing the arrangement of the duplex bridge.

Referring to Figs. 1 and l, A and are two transmitting instruments,whichmaybe automatic transmitters of the well-known type described in. thespecification of Patent No. 577,540, connected to a cable 0 andconnected together for working their batteries in series Thesetransmitters are with one another.

the governing-coil for correcting the move-- kept in step and are run atas uniform a speed as possible. a a are the contact-levers of thetransmitter A, and b b are the contact-levers of the transmitter B. Thelever a is connected to the cable 0. The lever 19 is connected to thecable 0 through the intervention of the levers a and a. The lever b isconnected to earth E, and the lever to is connected to earth through theintervention of the levers b b. D is the coil of the receiving-relay,delicately suspended in a magnetic field and includedinthecable-circuit. disthepointerortongue of the receivingrelay,insulated from and connected to the coil D by cords d and a pivotedcross-piece d and adapted to rest on the surface of a sectionalrotary-drum contact of the kind described in the specification of UnitedStates of America Patent No. 6 5,919, of May 8, 1900. This drum consistsof a central insulated section 6, on which the tongue cl rests when inits zero position, and sections e e e e e e 6 e insulated from oneanother and arranged four on either side of the section e. Thedrum-sections 6, e e e e e c and e are connected, through the intervention of a contact-maker, with the electromagnets of secondary relays F,G, 1-1, and I. When these electromagnets are energized, theyrespectively attract their armatures f, g, h, and 11, thereby closingthe circuits of the recording instrument, electromagnets J, K, L, and Mor their equivalents. N and O are divided batteries arranged to beoperated by the recording instruments for sending a current through acircuit (which I term the local correction circuit) including condensersand resistances R and the coil D, for correcting the movement of saidcoil to overcome what is known as a varying zero in the receiving-relaydue to the gradual charging up of the condenser K by series of signalsof the same sign and the consequent loss of signaling-current, each sideof the battery 0 being relatively to each side of the battery N as thebattery A is to the battery 13, and the condensers K and resistances Bbeing arranged to afiord the same time retardation to the localcorrecting-current from the batteries 0 and N as the charging-up effectof the cable 0 and condenser K due to a series or combination of signalsof the same sign, offers to the sending-batteries A and B. The currentsfrom the batteries N and 0 pass through the coil D in the same directionas the signaling-currents. The condensers I? and resistances B should beof greater retardation than that of the cable 0 alone and of suchretardation as to damp down the separate or single signaling movementsof the secondary relays F, G, H, and I and to make the combined efiectof many or a series of signals of the same polarity only felt in thecoil D. Therefore the correcting or makingup current from the batteries0 and N is slow in action and is not required for a single signal, butfor a combination efiect of many signals of the same polarity only. Thecontactmaker interposed between the receiving-relay and the secondaryrelays comprises a rotary clutch P, which may conveniently be of thekind described in the specification of my United States of Americaapplication, Serial No. 10,656, filed March 29, 1900, and is providedwith a nosep and a pin 19*. The cam P is normally held stationary by thearmature q of an electromagnet Q, which engages the pin When the magnetQ is energized, it causes the armature q to release the pin 10* andpermit the cam P to rotate. As the cam P rotates the nose 1) is adaptedto strike a roller 1), carried by one arm of an insulated pivoted leverp ,once during every revolution. The lever 19 carries contact-pieces p pEvery time the lever 19 is rocked by the cam P it moves thecontact-pieces p and 19 away from the fixed contacts 19 and 19" ontofixed contacts 13 audp and also moves the contact 19 onto a fixedcontact 19 p is a spring which tends to maintain the lever 19 in theposition indicated in Fig. 1. The cam P runs synchronously with thetransmitters, and the nose p is adapted to operate the lever 19 at themiddle of every signal that is to say, when the tongue d has reached itspoint of maximum deflection. usual receiving-condenser. I is aclosed-circuited magnetic shunt for eliminating earthcurrents from thecoil D. The shunt I has a re sistance of, say, thirty ohms, and the coilD has a resistance of, say, five hundred ohms. Therefore all slowcurrents, such as earthcurrents, flow through I, and the coil D is thuscleared of secondary or disturbing effects, while the quicksignaling-currents affect the coil D. When a signaling impulse is sentto line or to earth, the current passes through the coil D and causes itto move in the magnetic field in which it is suspended, as is Wellunderstood, and to thereby operate the tongue d.

If the electric signaling power of the transmitter A is equal to, say,three and the electric signaling power of the transmitter B is equal to,say, one, when the leverA is moved into the position shown in dottedline a signaling-current of the value of three and of positive signpasses from the battery A, conductor a contact a and lever a to thecable 0 through the coil D and back through earth E, the lever Z),contact b conductors b I), contact 12 lever Z), conductor 1)", lever a,contact a and conductor C65 to the opposite pole of the battery A. Thissignaling-current moves the coil D to a sufficient extent to cause thetongue d to slide across the surface of the rotary drum to the section 6thus clos ing the circuit of the relay-battery D. v As the tongue atsweeps across the section 6 it closes the circuit of the battery Dthrough the conductors d" d, the top Winding of the magnet Q, and thencethrough the conductor (1 contacts 19 13 conductor d brush d the section6 and the tongue (I back to the battery D. The magnet Q is thusenergized K is the 9 &

and attracts the armature q, which then releases the cam P. As the cam Pthen rotates the nose 19 operates the lever 19, as above described, andthe current then passes from the battery D through the conductors d (ithe contacts 19 p conductor (1 the bottom winding of the magnet Q, andthence through the conductors 61 d, the top winding of the magnet I,conductor d, brush 61 section 6", and tongue 01 to the opposite side ofthe battery D. The armature i is thereby attracted, so as to close thecircuit of the recorder-magnet M,'which then records a signal, ashereinafter explained. Should a series of positive signals each of thevalue of three be thus transmitted, the condenser K would graduallybecome charged up by a part of the current of such signals, and in orderto cause the tongue cl to move across the receiving-relay sufficientlyfar to reach the section a it would be necessary to make up for thisloss of current. This is effected by means of the localcorrection-circuit, as follows: When the tongue cl is in its zeroposition, no correcting-current is sent from the batteriesO and Nthrough the local correcting-circuit, including the condensers K, theresistances R, and the coil D, the current from the battery 0 passingfrom one pole of said battery through the armaturelever h, theresistance R, and the armaturelever 'i back to the battery 0 and thecurrent from the battery N passing from one pole of said battery throughthe armature-lever f, the resistance R and the armature-lever g back tothe opposite pole of the battery N. When the armature-lever 1; is thusoperated to close the circuit of the recorder-magnet M, current passesfrom one end of the battery 0 through the armature-lever h, resistanceB, through both sides of the battery N, if both sides of this battery Nare evenly balanced, through the armature-levers g and f, the resistanceR the local correcting-circuit, in-

cluding the coil D, in the same direction as the signaling impulses, andreturns to the middle of the battery 0. A current-is thus sent throughthe coil D, which corrects any possible movement of the said coil due tothe varying zero caused by the receipt of a number of signals of thesame sign and duration tending to choke the receiving-condenser K Itshould be noted that although this local correcting-current passesthrough the coil D in the same direction as the signaling-currents ithas the opposite effect on the coil D to the efiect produced by chargingup of the condenser K bya series of signaling impulses of the samepolarity and strength reduces the signaling-currents, for part of saidcurrents has been absorbed in charging the condenser, whereas the localcorrecting-current adds to the effect of the signaling-currents. Whenthe lever a is moved into the position shown in dotted line, asignaling-current of the value of three passes from the battery Athrough the conductor a contact a", lever Ct,

l conductor 1), lever 12, contact 11 conductors l 1) b contact 19 andlever b to earth E and thence through the coil D, returning in thenegative direction through the cable 0, lever a, contact a and conductora to the opposite side of the battery A. The coil D is thereby caused tomove the tongue (1 onto the section 6 of the rotary drum. As the tongue(1 sweeps over the section 6 it closes the circuit of the battery Dthrough the conductors d, the middle winding of the magnet Q, theconductor (1, the contacts 19 the conductor (1 brush d, section a, andtongue d to the battery D. The magnet Q is thus energized and attractsthe armature q, thereby releasing the cam P, so that the nose 1.) ofsaid cam operates the lever 19 as above described. A current then passesfrom the battery D through the conductors (1 d contacts p 19 conductor dbottom winding of the magnet Q, conductor (Z (Z top winding. of themagnet H, conductor (1 brush (1 section a and tongue 01 to the batteryD. The armature h is thereby attracted and closes the circuit of therecorder-magnet L. Should a series of these signals in the negativedirection through the cable 0 and each of the value of three be thustransmitted, the condenser K would gradually become charged up, andthereby cause a loss of the signaling-current, as above explained. Thiseffect is overcome by the local correcting-circuit, as follows: When thearmaturelever h is operated, as above described, to close the circuit ofthe magnet L, current passes from the middle of the battery 0 throughthe local correcting-circuit, including the coil D, and returns throughthe resistance R the armature-levers f g, both sides of the battery N,if both sides of said battery are evenly balanced, leaves the middle ofthe battery N to the resistance R, and thence through the armature-leveri to the battery 0. A correcting-current is thus sent through the coil Din the same direction as the signaling-current and has the oppositeeffect on said coil to that produced by the charging up of the condenserK When the signaling lever 19 of the transmitter B is moved into theposition shown in dotted line, a signaling-current of the value of oneand of positive sign passes from the battery B through the conductor 6contact b lever 19, conductor 1), lever a, contact a", conductor a,contact of, and lever a to the cable 0 through the coil I) and returnsby earth E, the lever 6, contact 19 and conductors b b to the battery B.The coil D is thereby caused to move the tongue 01 onto the section e ofthe rotary drum, a current passes from the battery D through theconductors (1 61 the top winding of the magnet Q, the conductors dcontacts 19 p conductor (1, brush (Z section 6 and tongue 01 to thebattery D. The magnet Q is thus energized and operates the armature q soas to release the cam P. The nose then operates the lever 19 and thecontacts which it carries, as above described, so that a current thenpasses from the battery D through the conductors (1 01 contacts 19* pconductor (1, lowest winding of the magnet Q, conductors (Z (Z topwinding of magnet G, conductor (P contactsp p conductor (1 brush (Zsection 6 and tongue (1 to the battery D. The armature g is therebyattracted and closes the circuit of the recorder-magnet K. Should aseries of these positive signals each of the value of one be thustransmitted to the cable'O, the condenser K would gradually becomecharged up, and thereby cause a loss of the signaling-current. This lossis overcome by the local correction-circuit as follows: When thearmature-lever g is operated, as described, to close the circuit of themagnet K, currentpasses from one side of the battery N through thearmature-lever f, resistance R the local correction-circuit,includingthe coil D, in the same direction as the signaling-current, returns tothe middle of the battery 0, passes through both sides of the battery 0,if both sides of said battery are evenly balanced, and thence throughthe armature-levers t'and h to the middle of the battery N. WVhen thesignaling-lever b is moved into the position shown in dotted line, asignaling-current of the value of one passes from the battery B throughthe conductors 17 b contact 11 lever 1) to earth E, and the coil D,returning in the negative direction through the cable O, lever a,contact a', conductor a, contact a lever a, conductor b lever I),contactb and conductor to the battery B. The coil Dis thus caused tomove the tongue (1 onto the section 6, so that current passes from thebattery D through the conductor 01 the middle winding of the magnet Q,the conductor d contacts 13 conductor d brush d, section e, and tongue dto the battery D. The magnet Q is thus energized and operates thearmature q so as to release the cam P. The nose p of the camP thenoperates the lever p and the contacts which it carries, as abovedescribed, so that a current then passes from the battery D, theconductors d1 61 contacts 11 p conductor 01", lowest winding of themagnet Q, conductors 01 (Z top winding of the magnet F, conductor dcontacts 13 23 conductor (1 brush d", section e, and tongue (Z to thebattery D. The armature leverfis thereby attracted and closes thecircuit of the recorder-magnet J. Should a series of successive signalseach of the value of one and in the negative direction be thustransmitted to the cable 0, the condenser K would gradually becomecharged up, and thereby cause a loss of signaling-current. This loss isovercome by the local correctioncircuit,as follows: When thearmature-lever fis operated, as described, to close the circuit of therecorder-magnet J, current passes from the middle of the battery Nthrough the resistance R, armature levers h and t' to the middle of thebattery 0, and thence through the local correction-circuit, includingthe coil D, in thesanie direction as the signaling-current, returningthrough the resistance R and armature-lever g to the battery N. When thesignaling-levers a and b are simultaneously moved into the positionsshown in dotted line, a signaling-current of the value of fourt'. 6.,three plus oneand of positive sign passes from the battery B through theconductor b contact b lever 17, conductor b, lever a, contact dconductor a battery A, conductor a contact a and lever a to the cable 0and coil D, returning by earth E, lever I), contact 13 and conductors bb to the battery B. The coil D is thus caused to move the tongue d ontothe section a The tongue d in sweeping over the sec tion 6 closes thecircuit of the battery D and top winding of the magnet Q, as abovedescribed, thus energizing the said magnet and causing it to attract thearmature q, thereby releasing the cam P, so that when the nose 19operates the lever 13 as above described, a current passes from the saidbattery through the conductors d d the contacts 29 19 the conductor d,bottom winding of the magnet Q, conductors (Z 61 the bottom winding ofthe magnet G, the conductor d bottom winding of the magnet I, conductord brush 01 section a and tongue at to the battery D.

The armature-levers g and t' are thus caused to close the circuits ofthe recorder-magnets K and M. Should a series of signals each of thevalue of four and of positive sign be thus transmitted to the cable 0,the condenser K willgradually become charged up,and thereby cause a lossof signaling-current. This loss is overcome by the localcorrection-circuit, as follows: When the armature-levers g and t' areoperated,as described,to close the circuit-s of the recorder-magnets Kand M, current passes from one side of the battery N through thearmature-leverf, resistance R the local correction-circuit,in'eludingthe coil D, in the same direction as the signaling-current, returning tothe center of the battery 0 and thence through the armature-lever h andresistance R to the middle of the battery N. When the levers a and b aresimultaneously moved into the positions shown in dotted line, asignaling-current passes from the battery A through the conductor acontact a and lever d to the cable 0 and coil D, returning through earthE, lever Z), contact b conductors U W, in the reverse direction throughthe battery B, the conductor I), contact b lever b, conductor 1), levera, contact a, conductor a to the battery A. Is will thus be seen thatthe battery B opposes the battery A,and the signaling-current thereforehas a value of plus three minus one, or two. The coil D then moves thetongue (1 onto the section 6 of the rotary drum. As the tongue d sweepsover the section 6 the circuit of the top winding of the magnet Q andthe battery D is closed, as above described, the magnet Q being thusenergized and attracting the armature q so as to release the cam P. Whenthe nose then operates the lever 29 as above described, a current passesfrom the battery D through the conductors d" 01 contacts p 19 conductor(Z bottom winding of the magnet Q, conductors d d i bottom winding ofmagnet F, conductor d middle winding of magnet I, conductor d brush d1section e and tongue (1 to the battery D. The armature-levers f and iare thereby operated and close the circuits of the recorder-magnets Jand II. Should a series of signals each of the value of two and ofpositive sign be thus transmitted to the cable O,'the condenser K willgradually become charged up, and thereby cause a loss ofsignaling-current. This loss is overcome of the localcorrection-circuit, as follows: WVhen the armature-levers f and i areoperated, as described, to close the circuits of the recorder-magnets Jand M, current passes from one end of the battery 0 through thearmature-lever h, resistance R, to the middle of the battery N, in thereverse direction through one side of the battery N, the armature-leverg, resistance R the local correction-circuit, including the coil D, inthe same direction to that of the signaling-current and back to themiddle of the battery 0. It will thus be seen that the battery N opposesthe battery 0 in a corresponding manner to that in which the battery Bopposes the battery A. If the levers a and Z) are simultaneously movedinto the positions shown in dotted line, a signaling-current passes fromthe battery A through the conductor a contact a, lever ct, conductor 1),lover I), contact b conductor 11 in the reverse direction through thebattery B, conductors 1') b contact 11 and lever l) to earth E, relurning in the negative direction through the coil D and cable 0 to thelever a, contact (t and conductor a to the battery A. It will-thus beseen that the battery B opposes 'the battery A and that therefore acurrent of the value of three minus one, or two, is sent to earth andreturns by cable. This current may therefore be called a current innegative direction or a current of the value of minus two. The tongue (1is thereby moved onto the section 0 of the-rotary drum. As the tongue (1sweeps over the section 6 it closes the circuit of the battery D andmiddle winding of the magnet Q, as above described, thereby releasingthe cam P. The nose p then operates the lever 19 as above described, andcurrent passes from the battery D through the conductors (1 01 contacts19 p conductor d bottom winding of the magnet Q, conductors 01 c1 middlewinding of the magnet Gr, conductor d middle winding of the magnet H,conductor c1 brush d ,section e ,and tongue cite the battery D. Thearmature-levers g and h are thereby attracted and close the circuits ofthe recordermagnets K L. Should a succession or series of signals eachof the value of two and in the negative direction be thus transmitted,the condenser K will gradually become charged.

the battery A.

up, and thereby cause a loss of signaling-current. This loss is overcomeby the local correction-circuit, as follows: When the armature-leversand hare operated, as above described, current passes from the center ofthe battery 0 through the local correction-circuit, including the coilD, in the same direction as the signaling-current, returning throughresistance R armature-lever f, in the reverse direction through one sideof the battery N, from the center of the battery N to the resistance R,and thence through the armature-lever 1) to the battery 0. It will thusbe seen that the battery N opposes the battery 0 in a correspondingmanner to that in which the battery B opposed the battery A. When thesignaling-levers Ct and b are simultaneously movedinto the positionsshown in dotted lines, current passes from the battery A through theconductor a contact a, lever a", conductor b, lever 19, contact 11conductor 12 battery B, conductors 11 Z), contact I), and lever b toearth E, returning in the negative direction through the coil D andcable 0 to A signaling-current of the value of three and one, or four,is thus sent through the coil D in the negative direction,- and maytherefore be called a signaling-current of the value of minus four. Thetongue (I is thereby moved onto the section 6 of the rotary drum. Insweeping over the section 6' the tongue (1 closes the circuit of thebattery D and the middle winding of the magnet Q, as above described,thereby releasing the cam P and enabling the nose pto operate the lever19*, as above described. Current then passes from the battery D throughthe conductors (1 d contacts 19 p conductor d, bottom winding of themagnet Q, conductors d (1 bottom winding of magnet .H, conductor c1bottom winding of the magnet 1 conductor c1 brush (Z section 6 andtongue d to the battery D. The armature-levers h andfare therebyoperated and caused to close the circuits of the recorder-magnets L andJ. Should a series or succession of signals each of the value of fourand in the negative direction be thus transmitted, the condenser K willbecome gradually charged up, and thereby cause a loss of signalingcurrent. This loss is overcome by the local correctioncircuit, asfollows: Current leaves the center of the battery 0, passes through thelocal correction-circuit and the coil D in the same direction as thesignaling-current, and returns through the resistance R armature-leverg, one side of the battery-N, from the center of the battery N to theresistance R, and thence through the armature-levert to the battery 0.

As above stated, the shaft carrying the cam P runs synchronously withthe transmitting instruments, and the nose pis arranged to operate thelever 19 so as to close the circuits of the secondary relays only whenthe tongue (1 has reached its point of maximum deflection. It istherefore impossible for .the tongue d while sweeping over intermediatesections of the rotary drum between the zero-section e and themaximumpoint of deflection to operate any of the secondary relays controlled bysuch intermediate sections.

R is a resistance which short-circuits the contact-pieces pp and whichpermits sufficient current to pass to energize the magnet Q, so as toattract the armature q when the tongue d of the receiving-relay makescontact with any one of the conductive sections of its rotary contact.The said resistance does not, however, permit sufficient current to passto cause the secondary-relay magnets F, G, H, or I to attract theirarmatures. The armature q is therefore always attracted by the magnet Q,and the clutch is permitted to continue to rotate until thereceiving-relay tongue d returns to Zero. Therefore when a series orsuccession of signaling-currents of the same sign are received by thereceivingrelay and the tongue cl does not return to zero after everysignal the cam P would merely continue to revolve until the said seriesof signals ceased and the tongue returned to zero, the nose operatingthe lever 19 and the contacts carried by said lever once during everyrevolution of the cam P and at the middle of every signaling-current andthe correct number of signaling impulses being thus correctly recordedby the secondary relays.

Referring to Fig. 1", m is a centrally-pivoted armature adapted to berocked by the electromagnets M L when energized as above described. Thisarmature carries a pen or tongue m, which may be the siphon of asiphon-recorder, and m m are springs for returning the armature m to itszero position after it has been rocked. When the armature 'm is rockedby one or other of the magnets M or L, the tonguem writes signals on oneor other side of the central longitudinal zeroline of a tape m whichtravels over a roller m and upon which the point of the tongue m rests.The recorder-magnets K J control another recording instrument of thesame construction as that described in Fig. 1. It will thus be seen thateach set of secondary relays works a separate recording instrument andthat only one recorder-magnet of each of the pairs M L and K J can beworked simultaneously.

Referring to Fig. 1, a is the escapemcntwheel of the transmitter A, andb is the escapement-wheel of the transmitter B. These escapement wheelsare respectively controlled by escapement-levers a Z), operated byelectromagnets a Z7 against the resistance of springs a Z). The windingsof the magnets a b are included in the circuit of a battery ca and atuning-fork a. The tuning-fork a sends regular impulses ofcurrentthrough the windings of the electromagnets a 5 thereby operatingthe escapement-levers a (2 as is well understood.

It is obvious that in place of employing the rotar r drum-contact, thesecondary relays and recorders, and the contact-maker the tongue clmight be the tongue or pen of asiphon-recorder, in which case the movingtape on which the signals would be recorded would be ruled with a numberof parallel longitudinal lines arranged symmetrically on either side ofa central longitudinal zero-line, the distances between the lines eachbeing equal to the width of one of the sections of the drum shown inFig. 1. In the present instance there would be four of such lines oneach side of the central zero-line, and the received signals could thenbe easily read from the amplitude of the movement of therecorder-tongue. The diagram Fig. 2 shows such a tape on an enlargedscale. The signalline marked on this tape indicates the record thatwould be made by the pen of the siphonrecorder if both the transmittersA and B were working together. This signal-line is therefore a compoundline, and if split up into its component parts these parts would berepresented by the diagrams shown in Figs. 3 and 4, Fig. 3 representingthe signals sent by the transmitter A, and Fig. at representing thesignals sent by the transmitter B. It will therefore be seen that themovements of the pen of the siphon-recorder would be the same as themovements of the tongue d, Fig. 1, the moving tape merely replacing therotary drum. The tape shown in Figs. 2, 3, and dis also provided withtransverse lines, as these lines facilitate the reading of the signals.

Instead of connecting the local correctingcircuit to the coil D, asshown in Fig. 1, the primary relay may, as shown in Fig. 5, comprise twocoils D and D each suspended in amagnetic field. The coil D is connectedto the cable or line and adapted to work the relay, as above described.The coil D is a heavy or damped governing-coil consisting of a windingon a metal frame and is included in the correcting-circuit controlled bythe secondary relays. The coils D and D are connected by springs d 61 InFig. 6 a modification is shown in which the local correction-circuit L Land the main line C E are both connected to windings on the coil D ofthe primary relay, as in Fig. 1. The main line is also connected to thewinding on the coil D, to which the local circuit is connected. I is aclosed-circuited magnetic coil placed between the cable 0 and thewinding on the coil D, to which the local correction-circuit isconnected. K is the usual receiving-condenser shunted by a highresistance R which, if the condenser K becomes charged up or polarizedby a combination of signals of the same sign, permits the charge in thecable to flow past the said condenser. This shunt R may permit earthcurrents, if violent, to pass the condenser; but should this occur suchearth-currents being steady will pass the coil I and will therefore flowthrough both the windings of the coil D. Each of the windings on thecoil D is wound in the-opposite direction to the other, and. thereforethe earth-currents will notcause the coil to move. The localcorrection-batteries are so connected to the, leads L L that the localcorrection-currents flow through the coil D in the same direction as thesignaling-currents, as above described with reference to Fig. 1. Verylittle of the quicklychanging signaling-currents, however, passes thecoil 1 the bulk of the signaling-current passing through only one of thewindings of the coil D and causing the said .coil to move and operatethe relay-tongue d, as above described. Any part of thesignaling-current passing through the coil 1 however, would cause a lossof movement in the coil D, as such current would pass through the coil Din the reverse direction to the main part of the signaling-currentpassing through the other Winding of said coil; but this loss ofmovement is corrected by the local apparatus or relays then in turnsending a correcting-current through the line L L in the same directionas the main part of the signaling-current, and thus correcting orcounteracting the effect of any of the signaling-current that may havepassed through the coil 1 Referring to Fig. 7, the cable and artificialline are duplexed on what is known as Harwoods method. Any other methodof duplexing the cable may be employed; but I consider I-Iarwoodswell-known method tobe very convenient with this embodiment of myinvention. The artificial line C is made equal to the cable 0 in everyrespect. The two condensers K K are equal in every respect. The coil Dis connected to a neutral point in the line as regards thesending-battery, but not to a neutral point with regard to the receivedsignaling currents. This very old and well-known method of balancing acable is described in Charles Brights book on Submarine Telegraphs,Chapter 111, page 657, also in Traite de Telegraphic Sous- Mam'ne,Chapter XXI, page 533. A and B are the transmitters, provided withbatteries A B and signaling-levers Ct at b b. D is the coil of thereceiving-relay suspended in a magnetic field and adapted to operate atongue 01, which slides on the rotary drum-contact. I is aclosed-circuited magnetic coil arranged as a shunt to the coil D, and Dis the relay-battery, arranged substantially as above described withreference to Fig. 1. K K are the usual receiving-condensers. C is thecable, and C is the artificial line. S, T, U,

and V are the electromagnets, and s, t, u, and 'v are thearmatures ofthe secondary relays. The armature s carries a contact 8, adapted tooscillate between fixed contacts 5 s and normally held .against thecontact 5 by a spring 3*. The armature t carries a contact 25, adaptedto oscillate between fixed contacts 1 t and normally held against thecontact if? by a spring 15 The armature it carries a contact it, adaptedto oscillate between fixed contacts a it and normally held against thecontact U by a spring 1%. The armature 12 carries a contact '0, adaptedto oscillate between fixed contacts 1: o and normally held against thecontact 12 by a spring 22 s i a 'U5 are rotary clutches or camspreferably of the kind described in the specification of my priorpatent, No. (581,617. These cams carry noses .9 t M6 o and radial pins.9 15"" 16 71 These radial pins normally engage similar pins on thearmatures s, 15, U, and v to hold the clutches s IL/5 1&5 v stationary.s i u 12 are pivoted levers having their arms on one side carryingrollers which lie in the paths of the noses 3 25 10 1). The other armsof these levers carry contacts which are normally held against fixedstops by suitable springs. W, X, Y, and Z are the recorder-magnets. O

and N are the local correction-batteries, and K R are respectivelycondensers and resistances in the local circuit for connecting themovements of the coil D to overcome varying zero, as above described. RR are resistances in the circuits of the batteries 0 N. When signalingcurrents are transmitted by the transmitters A and B and circulatethrough the coil D, the said coil turns in the magnetic field in whichit is suspended and moves the free end of the tongue 01 from the centralsection onto one or other of the other sections of the rotary contact,according to the strength of the signal, and consequently the amplitudeof movement of the coil D, as above described with reference to Fig. 1.When the tongue d is thus moved, say, onto the section 6 of the rotarydrum, a current passes from the battery D through the top winding on themagnet S and back through a suitable brush, the section e, and thetongue 01 to the opposite pole of the battery D. The magnet S is thusenergized and attracts the armature s. The armature s when thusattracted moves the contact 8 against the contact 8 and away from thecontact s and simultaneously releases the pin 5 so that the clutch s ispermitted to rotate in the direction of the arrow, and the nose 8operates the lever 8 so as to close the contacts 3 The contacts 5 s ands 3 being then closed at the same time, a current passes from thebattery of the recorder W through the contacts s s, the armature s, thecontacts 8 8 and through the recorder-magnet W back to the said battery,the recorder operated by the magnet W being thus caused to register asignal. If the tongue dis moved by the signalingcurrent onto the sectione acircuit isclosed from one pole of the battery D through the middlewindings of the magnets T and U. The armatures t and t are thus causedto close the contacts 23 t and u a and to release the clutches 75 U Thenoses t n then operate the levers t it and close the contacts '6 25 andn it are thus energized and cause their respective recorders to registersignals. It the tongue d is moved by the signaling-current into thesection e of the rotary drum-contact, a current passes from the batteryD through the top winding of themagnet and then The recorder-magnets Xand Y through a suitable brush, the section .6 and the tongue d back tothe battery D, the recorder-magnet Y being thus operated alone. If thetongue cl is moved onto the drum-section 6 a circuit is closed betweenthe battery D through the bottom windings of the magnets S and U andback through a suitable brush, the drum -sections 6 and the tongue (I tothe battery D. The recordingmagnets W and Y are thereby operated, asabove' described. It the tongue dis moved onto any of the drum-sectionse (2 e", or 6 the recorders V, X, Y, and Z are similarly operated, asabove described. Foriustance, if the tongue dis moved by thesignalingcurrent onto the drum-section e a current passes from thebattery D through the top winding on the magnet V and back through asuitable brush, the said section 6, and the tongue d to the battery D.The armature n is then attracted and moves the contact 0) onto thecontact Q22 and releases the pin 0). The clutch 1: then rotates, and thenose o operates the lever '0 so as to close the contacts "0 22 Thecircuit of the record er-magnet Z is thereby closed and a signalrecorded. Each pair of recorder-magnets W X and Y Z operate a recordinginstrument of the same construction as that described with reference toFig. 1". The batteries 0 and N are worked in a similar manner to thebatteries 0 and N in Fig. 1. When no signaling-currents are received, nocurrent for the correction of varying zero is sent through the coil D,the current from the battery 0 passing through the armature it, thecontacts u u the resistance R, the contacts o o, and the armature r backto the battery 0, and the current from the battery N passing through thearmature s, the contacts 3 the resistance R the contacts i t, and thearmature t back to the battery N. Each side of the battery 0 isrelatively to each side of the battery N as the battery A is to thebattery B, and the condensers K and resistances R in the localcorrection-circuit are arranged to afford the same time retardation tothe current from the batteries 0 N as the charging-up effect of thecable C and condensers K due to a series or combination of signals ofthe same sign, oifersto the sending-batteries A and B. The batteries Nand O are so connected to the coil D that they send their currentsthrough said coilin the same direction to the signaling-currents.Therefore when one of the armatures 3, Lu, or 'v is operated as abovedescribed a correcting-current is, if a combination of signals of thesame sign and strength are received, sent through the coil D from thebatteries 0 N, which current produces the same variable effect in thecoil D, but in the opposite direction to the variable effect produced bythe main cable-currents that is to say, the combination of signalscauses a loss of current, owing to part of said current being utilizedto charge up the condenser K and the current from the batteries 0 Nmakes up for this loss, and therefore moves the tongue at onto thecorrect section of the rotary drum-con tact. For instance, when thearmature o is attracted for signals of the Value of plus three, as abovedescribed, and closes the contacts 17 o a current passes from thebattery 0 through the contacts a u the resistance R the battery N, thearmature s, the contacts 8 s and through the contacts i t if both sidesof the battery N are evenly balanced, the resistance R", and the coil D,and thence back to the battery 0. When the armature u is attracted bysignals of the value of minus three, current passes from the center ofthe battery 0 through the local correction-circuit and the coil D,returning through the resistance R the contacts 5 s, armature s, andcontacts i t, and armature t to the center of the battery N, if bothsides of the battery N are evenly balanced, and thence 'through theresistance R, the contacts 12,

and armature o to the battery 0. When the armature t is attracted bysignals of the value plus one, current passes from the battery N throughthe armature 3, contacts ss resistance R", the local correction-circuit,and the coil D, returning to the center of the battery 0 through thearmatures U and u and the contacts 1; o and u u, if both sides of thebattery 0 are evenly balanced, and thence through the resistance R tothe center of the battery N. \Vhen the armature sis attracted by signalsof the value of minus one, current passes from the center of the batteryN through the resistance R, the contacts a u, and '0 o, the armatures uand o, both sides of the battery 0, if the sides of said battery areevenly balanced, from the center of the battery 0', through thelocalcorrection-circuit and the coil D, and back through the resistanceR", the contacts i t, and the armaturei to the battery N. When thearmatures o and t are simultaneously attracted by signals of the valueof four, (three plus one,) current passes from the battery N, throughthe armature 3, contacts 8 s resistance R the local correction-circuitand coil D, and returns to the center of the battery 0' through one halfof said battery, the armature to, contacts to u and resistance R to thecenter of the battery N, the battery N thus reinforcing the battery 0.When the armatures u and sare simultaneously attracted by signals of thevalue of minus four, (minus three and minus I IIO a M and resistance Rto the center of the battery N, thence in the reverse direction throughone half of the battery N, the armature 25, contacts t i resistance R",local correction-circuit and coil D, returning to the center of thebattery 0, the battery N opposing the battery 0.

rents of the value of minus two, (minus three plus one,) current passesfrom the center of the battery 0', through the local correctioncircuitand coil D, returning by the resistance R, contacts 3 s, armature s, inthe reverse direction through one side of the battery N,

from the center of the battery N to the resistance R, contacts 0 'v, andarmature 'v to the battery 0, the battery N opposing the battery 0'.

When employing the arrangement of the secondary relays shown in Fig. 7,it is not absolutely necessary to employ a contactmaker such as thatoperated by the clutchP in Fig. 1, for the following reason: In orderthat the circuits of the recorders W, X, Y, or Z may be closed, it isnecessary that the armatures of the magnets S, T, U, or V should beheldattracted during the time that the noses 0n the corresponding rotaryclutches the section 6 the magnet S will be first mo--mentarilyenergized and attract its armature, so as to close the contacts8 s and release the clutch 8 By the time the nose .9 however, reachesthe roller carried by the lever s the tongue d has passed onto thesection a and the armature s has been released, so that when thecontacts .9 s are closed the con-' tacts s s are open and the recorderWV is not operated.

I may modify the contacts operated by the electromagnets S, T, U, andVin order to regulate the time and length of contact. In Fig. 8 such acontact is shown as inserted between the secondary relay V and therecorder W.

Referring to Fig. 8, v is the armature of the magnet V and is includedin the circuit of an electromagnet V, provided with a pivoted armature11 having a pin which normally engages the pin 0 of the cam u which isin this case shown in the form of a snail-cam. 1

and2 are the lines leading to the recorder Z.

is a pivoted lever one arm of which carries a roller lying in the pathof the clutch o and the other arm of which carries a contact at,

which is normally held against a fixed stop When the armatures' u and tare simultaneously attracted by curby a suitable spring. 5 is a pivotedlever one arm of which is normally held against a fixed stop 6 and hasits movement limited by an adjustable stop 7. The other arm of the lever5 carries a contact 8, which rests upon a pivoted lever 9. A suitablespring tends to press the lever 9 against the contact 8,.so as to holdthe lever 5 against the stop 6 when no signaling-current is received.When the magnet V is energized by the tongue 61 moving onto certainsections of the rotary drumcontact of the receiving-relay, as abovedescribed, the armature 1) moves onto a stop 1: and closes the circuitof the magnet V. The magnet V then attracts the armature e causing oneof its arms to release the clutch c and its other arm to move onto astop 0 The clutch c then rotates and operates the lever 3, so as to movethe contact 4 onto the lever 9. The circuit of the recorder Z is thusclosed through the line 1, the lever 5, contact 8, lever 9, contact 4,lever 3, contact v lever 0 and line 2, and a signal thereby recorded.When the stop 4 strikes the lever 9, as above described, the lever 9 iscaused to rock, the lever 5 being caused by a spring to follow suchrocking movement until the one arm of the lever 5 strikes the adjustablestop 7. As the lever 3 and stoptthen continue to rock thelever 9 thesaid lever moves away from the stop 8, and thereby opens the circuit ofthe recorder Z. Therefore by adjusting the position of the stop 7 thelength of the contact can be regulated. By adjusting the position of thelever 3 with reference to the clutch '0 the time when the lever 3 willbe operated during the revolution of the snail-cam can be regulated.Referring to Fig. 9, A and B are the transmitting-batteries, adapted towork in series, as previously described. Orepresents the cabie, and E isa conductor leading to earth. a a b b are the signaling-levers. 11 and12 are the needles for operating the levers a a through the interventionof cranked levers 15 16, and 1314 are the needles for operating thelevers b I) through the intervention of cranked levers 17 18. Theneedles 11, 12, 13, and 14 are the usual needles employed in anautomatic transmitter which is operated by a perforated tape, asdescribedin prior patent, No. 577,540, to Taylor. 19 is the travelingperforated tape, provided with a central row of perforations with whicha toothed wheel 20 engages to drive the tape and with lateral signaling-perforations for operating the needles 11, 12, 13, and 14. Forthe sake of clearness the free ends of these needles are not shown asbearing on the tape and engaging the lateral perforations, as they do inactual practice. The toothed wheel 20 is mounted on a rotary shaft 21,which also carries a ratchetwheel 22. Loosely mounted on the shaft 21 isa sleeve 23, which carries a crank-arm 24, and also an arm 25, to whichis pivoted a pawl 26, adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchetwheel22. 27 is a reciprocating rod connecting the crank 2a to any suitablesource of power. As the rod 27 reciprocates it causes the pawl 26 torotate the ratchet-wheel 22 and shaft 21. The teeth of the wheel 22 areso arranged that for every throw of the crank 24: the wheel 20 moves thetape forward through a space equal to that of two of the centralperforations in said tape. If the wheel 22 thus throws thesignaling-tape forward by a stepby-step movement and through a distanceof two signaling-spaces at each throw, each needle will be capable ofbeing operated by signaling-holes in alternate signaling-spaces on thetape, and thus two messages can be simultaneously transmitted. Thesignals are sent to cable or to earth and are received and recorded, asabove described with reference to Fig. 1 or to Fig. 7.

Referring to Fig. 9, which shows the two transmitters mechanicallycoupled, so as to insure that they shall run in step, A and B rep resentthe two transmitters provided with a single driving shaft or spindle a,on which is mounted a motor-armature a, situated in the field of asuitable electromagnet a The two transmitters are thus simultaneouslydriven by a single motor.

According to the above-described invention it is theoretically possibleto extend the system by using three or more transmitters and three ormore receivers; but the difficulties arising in practice and the degreeof re finement required in the instruments would seem to advance as thesquare of the number of transmitters and receivers employed.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent of the UnitedStates, is

1. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a plurality of transmitting instruments, a correspondingnumber of batteries adapted to be worked in series by said transmittinginstrument, a corresponding number of recording instruments actuated bythe combined effect of positive and negative impulses simultaneouslytransmitted by the transmitting instruments and adapted tosimultaneously register signals on one or other side of their zerolinesin accordance with the polarity or direction of the currents leavingtheir respective transmitting instruments, substantially as described.

2. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a plurality of transmitting instruments, a correspondingnumber of batteries each of differ-- entsignaling power and adapted tobe worked in series by said transmitting instruments, a correspondingnumber of recording instruments actuated by the combined effect ofpositive and negative impulses simultaneously transmitted by thetransmitting instru ments and adapted to simultaneously register signalson one or other side of their zerolines in accordance with the polarityor direction of the currents leaving their respective transmittinginstruments, substantially as described.

3. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination withthe line orcable, of a plurality of transmitting instruments, a correspondingnumber of batteries adapted to be Worked in series by said transmittinginstruments, a suspended coil-relay adapted to be moved onto one orother side of its zero-line by the effect of combined signaling currentsfrom the transmitting-batteries, and means operated by said relay forsimultaneously and separately recording the signals sent by eachtransmitting instrument, substantially as described.

4:- In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a number of transmitting instruments, a corresponding numberof batteriesadapted to be worked in series by said transmittinginstruments, a relay adapted to be worked by the arrival signalingcurrents, a closed-circuited inductive-coil short-circuiting said relay,and means operated by the said'relay for separately recording thesignalssent by each of the transmitting instruments, substantially asdescribed. Y

5. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable and the receiving-condenser, of a plurality of transmittinginstruments, a corresponding number of batteries adapted to be worked inseries by said transmitting instruments, a relay adapted to be worked bythe effect of the combined signaling-currents from thetransmitting-batteries, means operated by said relay for simultaneouslyand separately recording the signals sent by each transmittinginstrument, and means operated by said relay for sending a local currentthrough said relay to make up any loss of current caused by the gradualcharging-up of the receivingcondenser by part of a succession ofreceived signalingcurrents each of the same sign and value,substantially as described.

6. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a plurality of transmitting instruments, a correspondingnumber of batteries each of differentsignaling power and adapted to beworked in series by the transmitting instruments, a receiving-relayadapted to be moved onto one or other side of its zero-line by theefiect of combined signaling-currents from the transmitting-batteries,and means operated by the receiving-relay for simultaneously andseparately recording, in accordance with the amplitude of the movementof the said relay, the signals simultaneously sent by each transmittinginstrument, substantially as .described.

7. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a number of transmitting instruments, .a corresponding numberof batteries each of different signaling power adapted to be worked inseries by said transmitting instruments, a receiving-relay adapted to beoperated by the arrival signaling-currents, means operated by theamplitude of themovement ofthe tongue of said relay 'for separatelyrecording the signals sent by each of the transmitting instruments, andmeans operated by said relay for sending a local current through.

said relay to overcome varying zero, substantially as described.

8. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a number of transmitting instruments, a corresponding numberof batteries each of different signaling power adapted to be worked inseries by the said transmitting instruments,

a receiving-relay adapted .to be operated by the arrivalsignaling-currents, a closed circuited inductive-coil short-circuitingsaid relay, means operated bythe amplitude of the -movement of thetongue of said relay for in series with one another by said transmittinginstruments, a relay adapted to be worked by the arrival-signalingcurrents, a rotary contact providedwith sections insulated from oneanother and upon the surface of which the tongue of the said relaybears, a-nd'means connected to the sections of said rotary contact forseparately recording thesignals sent by each of thesaid transmittinginstruments,

substantially as described.

10. Ina system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a number of transmitting instruments,a corresponding number ofbatteries adapted to be worked in series with one another by saidtransmitting instruments, a relay adapted to be worked by thearrival-signaling currents, a rotary contact provided with sectionsinsulated from one another and upon the surface of which the tongue ofthe said relay bears, means connected to the sections of said rotarycontact for separately recording the signals sent by each of the saidtransmittinginstruments and for sending a local current through saidrelay to overcome varying zero, substantially as a and separatelyrecording the signals sent by described.

11. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a number of transmitting instruments,a corresponding number ofbatteries adapted to be worked in series by said transmittinginstruments, means for receiving the signaling-currents each of the saidtransmitting instruments,

- local batteries at the receiving end of the said line or cable whichbatteries are connectedin series andhave their circuits arranged toinclude the said receiving means, means included inthe circuits of saidlocal batteries forproducingthe same time retardation to the currentsfromv said batteries as the line or cable affords to thesignaling-currents,

and means for operating the said local batteries when signalingcurrentsare received, substantially as described.

.12. In a system of electric telegraphy, the

- combination with theline or cable, of a number of transmittinginstruments,a corresponding number of batteries adapted to be worked inseries with one another bythe said trans- 'mitting instruments, a relayadapted to be -worked by the arrival-signaling currents,

local batteriesconnected in series and having their circuits arranged toinclude the coil of the said relay, means included in the circuits ofsaid batteries for producing the same time retardation to the currentsfrom said batteries as the line or cable affords to thesignalingcurrents, means operated by the said relay for separatelyrecording the signals received from each of the transmittinginstruments, and means operated by said relay for closing the circuit ofthe local batteries when signaling-currents are received so as to send acurrent from said local batteries through the coil of the said relay inthe same direction to that in which the signaling-currents pass throughsaid relay, substantially as described.

13. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a number of transmitting instruments,a corresponding number ofbatteries adapted to be worked in seriesby said transmittinginstruments, a receiving-relay adapted to be moved on both sides of itszero-line worked by the arrivalsignaling currents, secondary relaysadapted to be worked by the saidreceiving-relay, and means operated by.the secondary relays for separately recording the signals received fromeach of the transmitting instruments, substantially as described.

14. In a system of electric telegraphy, the

combination with the line or cable, of a number oftransmittinginstruments,a corresponding number of batteries adapted tobe worked in series by said transmitting instrument, a receiving-relayadapted to be worked by the arrival-signaling currents, secondary relaysadapted to be worked by the said receivingrelays for sending a currentthrough the receiving-relay to overcome varying zero, and means operatedby the secondary relays for ICC separately recording the signalsreceived from each of the transmitting instruments, substantially asdescribed. A

15. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a number of transmitting instruments,a corresponding number ofbatteries adapted to be worked in series by the transmittinginstruments, a receiving-relay adapted to be worked by thearrival-signaling currents, a rotary contact provided with sectionsinsulated from one another and on the surface of which the tongue of thereceiving-relay bears, secondary relays connected to the sections ofsaid rotary contact, and means operated by said secondary relays forseparately recording the signals sent by each of the transmittinginstruments, substantially as described.

16. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with a line orcable, of a number of transmitting instruments, a corresponding numberof batteries each of difierent signaling power and adapted to be workedin series by the transmitting instruments, a receivingrelay adapted tobe worked by the arrivalsignaling currents, a rotary contact providedwith sections insulated from one another and upon which the tongue ofthe receiving-relay bears, recorders connected to the sections of saidrotary contacts for separately recording the signals sent by each of thesaid transmitting instruments, and a contact-maker interposed betweenthesections of the said rotary contact and the recorders, and operated bythe receiving-relay in such manner that it closes the circuit of therecorders only when the tongue of the receiving-relay reaches its pointof maximum deflection, substantially as described.

17. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a number of transmittinginstru m ents,a corresponding numberof batteries each of different signaling power and adapted to be workedin series by the transmitting instruments, a receiving-relay adapted tobe Worked by the arrival-signaling currents, a rotary contact providedwith sections insulated from one another and upon the surface of whichthe tongue of the receiving-relay bears, secondary relays connected tothe sections of the r0- tary contact, a contact-maker interposed betweenthe sections of the rotary contact and the secondary relays and adaptedto operate in such manner that the secondary relays are operated onlywhen the tongue of the receiving-relay reaches its point of maximumdeflection on the surface of the rotary contact, and means operated bysaid secondary relays for separately recording the signals transmittedby each of the transmitting instruments, substantially as described.

18. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a num ber of transmittinginstruments,acorresponding number ofbatteries each of difierent signaling power and adapted to be worked inseries by the transmitting instruments, a receiving-relay adapted to beworked by the arrival-signaling currents, a rotary contact provided withsections insulated from one another and upon which the tongue of thereceiving-relay bears, secondary relays connected to the sections of therotary contact, a contact-making lever interposed between the secondaryrelays and the sections of the rotary contact, an electromagnet alsointerposed between the sections of the rotary contact and the secondaryrelays, an armature adapted to be operated by said electromagnet, arotary cam which is normally held stationary by said armature but isreleased and operates the contact-making lever when the saidelectromagnet is energized in such manner that only such secondary relayor relays are operated as are connected to. the section of the rotarycontact upon which the tongue of the receiving-relay bears when itreaches its point of maximum deflection, and means operated by the'secondaryrelays for sepa rately recording the signals sent by each ofthe transmitting instruments, substantially as described.

19. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a number of transmitting instruments, a corresponding numberof batteries each of different signaling power and adapted to be workedin series by the transmitting instruments, a receiving-relay adapted tobe worked by the arrival-signaling currents, a rotary contact providedwith sections insulated from one another and upon which the tongue ofthe receiving-relay bears, secondary relays connected to the sections ofthe rotary contact, a contact-making lever interposed between thesecondary relays and the sections of the rotary contact, anelectromagnet also interposed between the sections of the rotary contactand the secondary relays, an armature adapted to be operated by saidelectromagnet, a rotary cam which is normally held stationary by saidarmature but is released and operates the contact-making lever when thesaid electromagnet is energized in such manner that only such secondaryrelay or relays are operated as are connected to the section of therotary contact upon which the tongue of the receiving-relay bears whenit reaches its point of maximum deflection, means operated by thesecondary relays for sending a current through the receiving-relay toovercome varying zero, and means operated by the secondary relays forseparately recording the signals sent by each of the transmittinginstruments, substantially as described.

20. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable of a number of transmitting instruments, a corresponding number ofbatteries adapted to be controlled in series by said transmittinginstrument, a receiving-relay adapted to be moved on both sides of itszero-line by the arrival-signaling currents, recording instrumentsoperated by said receiving-relay, and means interposed between thereceiving-relay and the recording instruments whereby said recordinginstruments are operated only at or about the middle of thearrival-signaling currents, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

21. In a system of electric telegraphy, the combination with the line orcable, of a pair of transmitting-batteries, a pair of transmittinginstruments adapted to work said batteries in series with one another, asingle perforated signaling-tape adapted to simul- IIO

